Hydroquinone
Hydroquinone is an aromatic organic compound that is a type of phenol, a derivative of benzene, having the chemical formula C6H4(OH)2. It has two hydroxyl groups bonded to a benzene ring in a para position. Its mechanism of action is through Tyrosinase inhibition. Tyrosinase is the enzyme principally involved in Melanogensis (Melanin production in skin cells).
It works to change the skin-tone by Tyrosinase inhibition. Tyrosinase is a dermal enzyme principally involved in Melanogensis (Melanin production).
Is it safe high percentage Hydroquinone safe?
A study conducted by the FDA on rodents at very high doses (99%) administered by feeding tube showed the potential to be carcinogenic. However, according to same FDA report when used transdermally (topically) absolutely no carcinogenic effects were noted. Studies on humans revealed a very minor risk to develop exogenous ochornosis with extreme prolonged usage.
Conditions approved by the FDA for treatment with hydroquinone
Just some conditions treated using Hydroquinone include:
- Perma-tans (Perma-tans are deeply set layers of hyper-pigmentation that are very unresponsive to treatment) and uneven skin-tone.
- Spots and Blemishes like Acne scars, freckles, allergies, insect bites.
- Scars and patches due to burns, dermatitis, or hormonal imbalances e.g. Melasma or Thyroid disease.